Abstract :

This Work Presents A Bulk-Driven Operational Transconductance Amplifier (OTA) With A Telescopic Cascode Differential Amplifier, Tailored For Low-voltage And Low-power Analog Applications Such As Biomedical Signal Processing. The Bulk-driven Input Technique Enables Reliable Operation At Reduced Supply Voltages While Improving Linearity, Making The Design Suitable For Energy Constrained Environments. The Telescopic Cascode Configuration Enhances Gain Stability And Frequency Response, While Additional Features Including PMOS Active Loads With Current Mirror Action, A Class-AB Output Stage, And Differential-to-single-ended Conversion With Gain Boosting Contribute To Improved Efficiency, Stability, And Bandwidth. The Proposed Design Was Simulated In Tanner EDA Tools Using A 45 Nm CMOS Process. Results Confirm Its Effectiveness, Achieving A DC Gain Of 45–50 DB, A Gainbandwidth Product (GBW) Of 2.5–3 MHz, And A Phase Margin Of 70–75°, Ensuring Robust Stability Across Operating Conditions. Improvements In Common-Mode Rejection Ratio (CMRR) And Power Supply Rejection Ratio (PSRR) Are Obtained Through High-output-resistance Cascode Devices And Enhanced Tail Biasing, Which Suppress Noise And Supply Variations. The Integration Of A Class-AB Output Stage Further Improves Slew Rate, Enabling Efficient Largesignal Operation With Minimal Power Overhead. These Results Demonstrate That Combining Bulk-driven Input Operation With Cascode-based Techniques Provides An Effective Solution For High-performance, Low-power OTA Design. The Proposed Architecture Is Particularly Wellsuited For Biomedical Signal Processing, Where Precision, Noise Immunity, And Energy Efficiency Are Critical Design Requirements. Keywords—Operational Transconductance Amplifier (OTA), Common Mode Rejection Ratio (CMRR), Power Supply Rejection Ratio (PSRR)

Published:

24-11-2025

Issue:

Vol. 25 No. 11 (2025)

Page Nos:

230-235

Section:

Articles

License:

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

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